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The Wine Files
Our guide to wines, liquors and liqueurs.
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Reading a Wine Label

There is only one real question: "Is the wine any good?" The answer, unfortunately, is often submerged beneath enthusiastic marketing waffle. Don't be put off! You can always trust the wine label to provide you with facts about the wine. Don't forget to turn the bottle to review the second (back) label, you may be surprised at the richness of the information provided.
Grape Variety
The grape variety is the best indication of taste. Look for good information on grape varieties at our
Wine Glossary.
 
Region
Where the wine comes from is the next best indicator. As European wines don't always state grape varieties, some information about regions will help. You can find out more about wine regions at
World's Wine Regions.
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Terroir
Terroir is a fancy description for soil, climate and exposure. These factors can influence the grape style and flavour and ultimately the flavour of the wine.
 
Vintage
The word "vintage" is often bandied around to denote something special. It simply refers to wine from a particular year, and not all "vintage" years are good!
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Classification
A superficial acquaintance with a few basics is all you need—classification codes aren't the most helpful bits of label information! If you want to guarantee quality, you're better off choosing a reliable producer name.  The USA classification system, AVA, guarantees geographical origins of wine, not quality.  New World countries follow similar rules while Europe tends to classify by region.  The following pared-down list offers a guideline:
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 What's in this section?

Wine Types
Armed with these general guidelines, you can quickly move on to debunking . . .

Label Jargon
Learn how to extract relevant information from a wine label.

Grape Varieties
The simplest way to guess how a wine will taste is to know more about the grape variety or varieties of the wine.

Ordering Wine
Learn how to negotiate confusing restaurant wine lists with confidence.
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Bottles of French wine waiting to be opened
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Special
Quality Wine
 

Quality Wine

Regional Wine

Basic Wine

Germany
 

QmP

QbA or VDQS

Landwein

Tafelwein

France
 

None Specific

AC/AOC

Vin de pays

Vin de table

Italy
 

DOCG

DOC

IGT

Vino da tavola

Spain

DOC

DO

Vino de Tierra or Vino comarcal

Vino de mesa

Portugal
 

None Specific

DOC or IPR

Vinho regional

Vinho de mesa

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Finally, a few confusing wine phrases and words to dismiss:

•  "Supérieur " does not necessarily refer to superior wine. The French term "supérieur" and its Italian equivalent merely indicate that the wine has a slightly higher alcohol content.

•  "Grand vin" on Bordeaux labels means that it is the main wine of the winery, rather than a great wine.

•  The word "Reserve" is often misleading. In some countries it refers to wines that have been matured in oak for longer than standard wines. In other countries it means nothing.

•  Ignore generalisations such as "classic", "limited release", "special." They are simply marketing phrases to make the wine seem more unique.

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